Edodin: A New Type of Toxin from Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes) That Inactivates Mammalian Ribosomes

CITORES, LUCÍA; RAGUCCI, SARA; GAY CLAUDIA C.; RUSSO, ROSITA; CHAMBERY, ANGELA; DI MARO, ANTIMO; IGLESIAS, ROSARIO; FERRERAS, JOSÉ M.

Toxins

MPDI

Lugar: Basel; Año: 2024 vol. 14

2072-6651

first_pagesettingsOrder Article ReprintsOpen AccessArticleEdodin: A New Type of Toxin from Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes) That Inactivates Mammalian Ribosomesby Lucía Citores 1,†ORCID,Sara Ragucci 2,†ORCID,Claudia C. Gay 3ORCID,Rosita Russo 2ORCID,Angela Chambery 2ORCID,Antimo Di Maro 2ORCID,Rosario Iglesias 1,* andJosé M. Ferreras 1,*ORCID1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain2Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy3Laboratory of Protein Research, Institute of Basic and Applied Chemistry of Northeast Argentina (UNNE-CONICET), Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences and Surveying, Av. Libertad 5470, Corrientes 3400, Argentina*Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.†These authors share equal first authorship.Toxins 2024, 16(4), 185; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16040185Submission received: 8 March 2024 / Revised: 5 April 2024 / Accepted: 8 April 2024 / Published: 10 April 2024(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Activities of Ribosome Inactivating Proteins II)Downloadkeyboard_arrow_down Browse Figures Versions NotesAbstractRibosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a group of proteins with rRNA N-glycosylase activity that irreversibly inhibit protein synthesis and consequently cause cell death. Recently, an RIP called ledodin has been found in shiitake; it is cytotoxic, strongly inhibits protein synthesis, and shows rRNA N-glycosylase activity. In this work, we isolated and characterized a 50 kDa cytotoxic protein from shiitake that we named edodin. Edodin inhibits protein synthesis in a mammalian cell-free system, but not in insect-, yeast-, and bacteria-derived systems. It exhibits rRNA N-glycosylase and DNA-nicking activities, which relate it to plant RIPs. It was also shown to be toxic to HeLa and COLO 320 cells. Its structure is not related to other RIPs found in plants, bacteria, or fungi, but, instead, it presents the characteristic structure of the fold type I of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes. Homologous sequences have been found in other fungi of the class Agaricomycetes; thus, edodin could be a new type of toxin present in many fungi, some of them edible, which makes them of great interest in health, both for their involvement in food safety and for their potential biomedical and biotechnological applications.