Phosphotungstic Wells-Dawson Heteropolyacid as Potential Catalyst in the Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil

MATEOS, PAULA S.; RUSCITTI, CLAUDIA B.; CASELLA, MÓNICA L.; MATKOVIC, SILVANA R.; BRIAND, LAURA E.

Catalysts

MDPI

Año: 2023 vol. 13 p. 1 - 17

The esterification of oleic acid was applied in order to screen the suitability of a series of phosphotungstic based Wells Dawson type of compounds as potential catalysts in the heterogeneous transesterification of sunflower waste cooking oil. This test reaction indicated that the phosphotungstic Wells Dawson heteropolyacid H6P2W18O62.xH2O dispersed on titania oxide in a loading of 15 mg per m2 of oxide support (named 15 mg.m-2 HPA/TiO2), possessing exclusively Brønsted acid sites, was the most promising among the screened materials. In addition, the application of the surface response methodology to the specific activity of the oleic acid esterification with methanol at various temperatures, weights of catalyst, molar ratios of substrates, stirring speeds and also considering the active phase desorption out of the catalyst’s surface, allowed determining the optimum operative conditions that were applied in the transesterification of the waste cooking oil afterwards. The transesterification of the waste cooking oil at 60 oC, 1:9 WCO: methanol molar ratio, in a batch reactor under stirring at 650 rpm, for 3 h catalyzed with 0.25 wt % of 15 mg.m-2 HPA/TiO2 (20.0 g of oil and 49.6 mg of catalyst), presents 74.6 % of conversion of glycerides and 74.4 % yield towards fatty acid methyl esters. The catalyst was recovered and reused several times maintaining a fairly constant catalytic performance.