Evolutionary insights into the Andean genus Nicandra (Solanoideae, Solanaceae)

SECULIN GLUR, JULIETA LOURDES; GUTIÉRREZ NICOLÁS, FÁTIMA; GONZÁLEZ, SEGUNDO LEIVA; BARBOZA, GLORIA E.; CARRIZO GARCÍA, CAROLINA

Phytotaxa

Magnolia Press

Lugar: Auckland; Año: 2023 vol. 2 p. 182 - 192

1179-3155

Nicandra (Solanaceae) is a small Andean genus, historically considered monospecific, with N.physalodes as its only species. This species is native to the South American Andes but naturalizedin many countries worldwide. Recently, N. john-tyleriana and N. yacheriana were described usingmorphological evidence, which are endemic to Peru. Sequence data from four DNA markers, theplastidial intergenic spacers trnL-trnF and ndhF-rpl32, and the nuclear ITS region and GBSSI(waxy) gene, were used to test the identity of the nominal species using genomic evidence, toreconstruct the genus phylogenetic history through Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference,and to estimate divergence times within the genus. The three Nicandra species formed distinctpartitions and monophyletic lineages. Nicandra physalodes, originated in the late Miocene (ca. 8My), was resolved as the first splitting branch, sister to the siblings N. john-tyleriana and N.yacheriana, which were originated at the end of the Miocene (ca. 5 My). The crown ages for thethree species were estimated from the early Pliocene (N. physalodes) to the mid-Pleistocene (N.john-tyleriana and N. yacheriana), which is consistent with hypotheses of Neotropical speciesdiversification. Open questions remain about the biogeography of the genus.