Wastewater‑Based Epidemiology: Detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 RNA in Diferent Stages of Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Santa Fe, Argentina

RENO, U.; REGALDO, L.; OJEDA, G.; SCHMUCK, J.; ROMERO, N.; POLLA, W.; KERGARAVAT, S.V.; GAGNETEN, A.M.

WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION

SPRINGER

Lugar: Berlin; Año: 2022

0049-6979

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic affected human life at every level. In this study, we analyzed genetic markers (N and ORF1ab, RNA genes) of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic wastewaters (DWW) in San Justo City (Santa Fe, Argentina), using reverse transcription-quan- titative real-time PCR. Out of the 30 analyzed samples, 30% were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Of the total positive samples, 77% correspond to untreated DWW, 23% to pre-chlorination, and no SARS-CoV-2 RNA was registered at the post- chlorination sampling site. The viral loads of N and OFR1ab genes decreased sig- nificantly along the treatment process, and the increase in the number of viral copies of the N gene could antici- pate, by 6 days, the number of clinical cases in the population. The concentration of chlorine recommended by the WHO (≥0.5 mg L−1 after at least 30 min of con- tact time at pH 8.0) successfully removed SARS-CoV-2RNA from DWW. The efficiency of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) confirms the need to control and increase DWW treatment systems on a regional and global scale. This work could contribute to building a network for WBE to monitor SARS-CoV-2 in wastewa- ters during the pandemic waves and the epidemic remis- sion phase.