Vitamin E protective effects on genomic and cellular damage caused by pediatric preventive supplementation for anemia: an experimental model

GAMBARO, ROCÍO CELESTE; SEOANE, ANALÍA; PADULA, GISEL

BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS

Año: 2022

0007-1145

Iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia. In Argentina, the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency is very high; for that reason, the Argentine Society of Pediatrics recommends daily ferrous sulfate supplementation as a preventive treatment strategy. Alternatively, weekly ferrous sulfate supplementation has also been shown to be effective for anemia prevention. Excess iron could be related to oxidative stress, which may in turn cause cytomolecular damage. Both can be prevented with vitamin E supplementation. We evaluated the effect of both daily and weekly ferrous sulfate supplementation combined with two doses of vitamin E on cell viability, oxidative stress and cytomolecular damage in peripheral blood cultured in vitro. The experimental design included the following groups: untreated negative control, two vitamin E controls (8.3 and 16.6 µg/ml), weekly ferrous sulfate supplementation (0.55 mg/ml) with each vitamin E dose, daily ferrous sulfate supplementation (0.14 mg/ml) with each vitamin E dose, and a positive control. Daily ferrous sulfate supplementation decreased cell viability and increased the levels of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and cytomolecular damage (P