INVESTIGADORES
HIERRO Jose Luis
artículos
Título:
Range-expanding populations of a globally introduced weed experience negative plant-soil feedbacks
Autor/es:
KRIKOR ANDONIAN; JOSÉ L. HIERRO; LIANA KHETSURIANI; PABLO BECERRA; DIEGO VILLARREAL; GRIGOR JANOIAN; LOHENGRIN CAVIERES; LAUREL FOX; RAGAN CALLAWAY
Revista:
PLOS ONE
Editorial:
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
Referencias:
Año: 2011 p. 1 - 8
ISSN:
1932-6203
Resumen:
Background: Biological invasions are fundamentally biogeographic processes that occur over large spatial scales.
Interactions with soil microbes can have strong impacts on plant invasions, but how these interactions vary among areas
where introduced species are highly invasive vs. naturalized is still unknown. In this study, we examined biogeographic
variation in plant-soil microbe interactions of a globally invasive weed, Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle). We
addressed the following questions (1) Is Centaurea released from natural enemy pressure from soil microbes in introduced
regions? and (2) Is variation in plant-soil feedbacks associated with variation in Centaureas invasive success?Biological invasions are fundamentally biogeographic processes that occur over large spatial scales.
Interactions with soil microbes can have strong impacts on plant invasions, but how these interactions vary among areas
where introduced species are highly invasive vs. naturalized is still unknown. In this study, we examined biogeographic
variation in plant-soil microbe interactions of a globally invasive weed, Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle). We
addressed the following questions (1) Is Centaurea released from natural enemy pressure from soil microbes in introduced
regions? and (2) Is variation in plant-soil feedbacks associated with variation in Centaureas invasive success?Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle). We
addressed the following questions (1) Is Centaurea released from natural enemy pressure from soil microbes in introduced
regions? and (2) Is variation in plant-soil feedbacks associated with variation in Centaureas invasive success?Centaurea released from natural enemy pressure from soil microbes in introduced
regions? and (2) Is variation in plant-soil feedbacks associated with variation in Centaureas invasive success?Centaureas invasive success?
Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted greenhouse experiments using soils and seeds collected from native
Eurasian populations and introduced populations spanning North and South America where Centaurea is highly invasive
and noninvasive. Soil microbes had pervasive negative effects in all regions, although the magnitude of their effect varied
among regions. These patterns were not unequivocally congruent with the enemy release hypothesis. Surprisingly, we also
found that Centaurea generated strong negative feedbacks in regions where it is the most invasive, while it generated
neutral plant-soil feedbacks where it is noninvasive.We conducted greenhouse experiments using soils and seeds collected from native
Eurasian populations and introduced populations spanning North and South America where Centaurea is highly invasive
and noninvasive. Soil microbes had pervasive negative effects in all regions, although the magnitude of their effect varied
among regions. These patterns were not unequivocally congruent with the enemy release hypothesis. Surprisingly, we also
found that Centaurea generated strong negative feedbacks in regions where it is the most invasive, while it generated
neutral plant-soil feedbacks where it is noninvasive.Centaurea is highly invasive
and noninvasive. Soil microbes had pervasive negative effects in all regions, although the magnitude of their effect varied
among regions. These patterns were not unequivocally congruent with the enemy release hypothesis. Surprisingly, we also
found that Centaurea generated strong negative feedbacks in regions where it is the most invasive, while it generated
neutral plant-soil feedbacks where it is noninvasive.Centaurea generated strong negative feedbacks in regions where it is the most invasive, while it generated
neutral plant-soil feedbacks where it is noninvasive.
Conclusions/Significance: Recent studies have found reduced below-ground enemy attack and more positive plant-soil
feedbacks in range-expanding plant populations, but we found increased negative effects of soil microbes in rangeexpandingRecent studies have found reduced below-ground enemy attack and more positive plant-soil
feedbacks in range-expanding plant populations, but we found increased negative effects of soil microbes in rangeexpanding
Centaurea populations. While such negative feedbacks may limit the long-term persistence of invasive plants,
such feedbacks may also contribute to the success of invasions, either by having disproportionately negative impacts on
competing species, or by yielding relatively better growth in uncolonized areas that would encourage lateral spread. Enemy
release from soil-borne pathogens is not sufficient to explain the success of this weed in such different regions. The
biogeographic variation in soil-microbe effects indicates that different mechanisms may operate on this species in different
regions, thus establishing geographic mosaics of species interactions that contribute to variation in invasion success.populations. While such negative feedbacks may limit the long-term persistence of invasive plants,
such feedbacks may also contribute to the success of invasions, either by having disproportionately negative impacts on
competing species, or by yielding relatively better growth in uncolonized areas that would encourage lateral spread. Enemy
release from soil-borne pathogens is not sufficient to explain the success of this weed in such different regions. The
biogeographic variation in soil-microbe effects indicates that different mechanisms may operate on this species in different
regions, thus establishing geographic mosaics of species interactions that contribute to variation in invasion success.