EFFECT OF SALT AND BORO STRESS ON SEED GERMINATION OF Chenopodium quinoa WILLD

PARERA V, GALLARDO L, PÉREZ CHACA VM, FERESÍN GE, PARERA CA.

BIOCELL

Biocell

Año: 2019 vol. 43 p. 85 - 85

1667-5746

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is an ancient Andean crop and could be a productive alternative for irrigated areas in arid and semi -arid regions. High levels of salts and Boron (B), an essential micronutrient but toxic in excess, in soils are commonly observed in the Jáchal valley (NW of San Juan province). One of the most important effects of abiotic stresses on plants is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause cell death. The germination is the most critical stages of plant growth and has a direct impact on productivity. The aim was to evaluate the germination percentage, germination velocity (GV), the emergence rate index (ERI) and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of C. quinoa var. "Amarilla de Marangani" under conditions of stress due to salinity and B. The treatment were C1B1 (150 mM ClNa+0,025% B); C1B2 (150 mM ClNa+0.075% B); C2B1 (200 mM ClNa+0.025% B); C2B2 (200 mM ClNa+0.075% B); C1B0 (150 mM ClNa); C2B0 (200 mM ClNa); C0B1 (0.025% B); C0B2 (0.075 B) and COBO (distilled water Control). The experimental design was in random plots with five replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. The number of germinated seeds was recorded every 24 h for one week. A seed was considered germinated when the emerging radicle was longer than 2 mm. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by LSD Fisher and Tukey-Kramer Multiple Comparisons Test. The germination percentage was significantly higher in the non-salts and boron treatment (COBO) compared with C1B2, C2B1, C2B2 and C2B0 treatments. Similar results were observed in the ERI evaluation. The seeds germinated under the high concentration of ClNa and B (C2B2) and C1B2 treatment have a significant lower GV compared with the rest of the treatments. The activity of CAT (μmol H2O2/mg protein min) and APX (μmol Ascorbato/mg protein min) in COBO treatment were significantly higher than the C2B2 treatment(p