Variación en la eficiencia en el uso del agua en el cultivo de maíz según ambientes: Pergamino (BA) vs Villa Mercedes (SL).

RIGLOS, M.; MAYER, L.I.; CIRILO, A.G.; MERCAU, J.L.; OTEGUI, M.E.

Pergamino

Congreso; XI Congreso Nacional del Maíz; 2018

AIANBA

Maize grain yield is severely affected by water deficit, which increases from East (Eastern Pampas) to West (semi-arid region) in the mid-latitude environments of Argentina. The objective of this work was to analyze maize water productivity in these contrasting environments. Field experiments were conducted under rainfed farming during two growing seasons at two sites, one humid (PGO: Pergamino) and one semi-arid (VM: Villa Mercedes). Two sowing dates (early and late) were also evaluated at each site. Measurements included total shoot biomass (BT, in g m-2) and crop evapotranspiration (ETC, in mm) evolutions. Transpired (WUEB,T) and evapotranspired (WUEB,ETc) water use efficiencies (in g m-2mm-1) were estimated. BT was always larger at PGO (2602 g m-2) than at VM (1602 g m-2), but ETC followed the opposite trend (435 and 489 mm). Consequently, WUEs were always larger at PGO (5.99 and 8.45 g m-2mm-1 for WUEB,ETc and WUEB,T, respectively) than at VM (3.33 and 5.44 g m-2mm-1, respectively). Sowing date had no effect on WUEB,T in the humid environment of PGO, but delayed sowing had a significant (P