EFFECTS OF CADMIUM ENVIRONMENTAL INTOXICATION IN RAT MAMMARY GLAND. POTENCIAL PROTECTIVE ROL OF SOYBEAN VS CADMIUM DIETS.

MICHEL, MC; VASQUEZ, E; ARNAL, N; ALZA N; BOLDRINI, G; MARTIN MOLINERO GD; PEREZ CHACA MV; GOMEZ N; GIMENEZ, MS; SANCHEZ, ES; ALVAREZ, SM

Congreso; VII Congreso Nacional de Toxicologia y Quimica Ambiental; 2018

We studied the effects of different diets at molecular, biochemical and cellular levels of Cadmium (Cd) intoxication on rat mammary gland (MG). We also looked at the potential protective outcome of Soy diet under exposure to Cd, which is a toxic element and an important environmental contaminant. For this purpose, 4 female lots Wistar rats were used: 2 lots received casein and 2 lots soybean (Soy) as protein source. Within each group, 1 lot received regular water (control) and the other, 15 ppm of Cd in the drinking water for 60 days (n= 6 animals per group, from three independent experiments). Lipids were extracted by Hexano:Isopropanol:BHT (3v:2v:1%) solvent. Total cholesterol, phospholipids and fatty acids where determined by colorimetric assay, thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. HMG CoA Reductase (HMGCoAR) and NFκB activation were determined by Western blot. The inflammation marker COX2 and Bax/Bcl2 were measured by PCR. MGs were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin stain. Our results show that Cd alters the lipid profile of the gland and these effects are modulated by Soy based diet. The expression of HMGCoAR is also affected by Cd and Soy, showing some synergism. On the other hand, both Cd and Soy activate NFκB and this effect is also accompanied by augmented expression of COX2 and apoptosis according to the Bax/Bcl2 relation. In addition, Cd and Soy stimulate the development but Soy decreases the fat pad. The double treatment of Soy and Cd cause MGs fibrosis and lost functionality, suggesting a protective mechanism against developing mammary cancer. In summary, Cd affects the physiology and development of rat MGs and Soy diet may modulates the facts of Cd exposure in this tissue.