INVESTIGADORES
POLITIS Gustavo Gabriel
artículos
Título:
Early Human Holocene Remains from the Argentinean Pampa: Additional Evidence for Distinctive Cranial Morphology of Early South Americans.
Autor/es:
HECTOR M. PUCCIARELLI; S. IVAN PEREZ; GUSTAVO G. POLITIS
Revista:
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Editorial:
WILEY-LISS, DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
Referencias:
Lugar: San Luis- Missouri; Año: 2010 vol. 143 p. 298 - 305
ISSN:
0002-9483
Resumen:
The cranial morphology of Early Holocene American human samples is characterized by a
long and narrow cranial vault, whereas more recent
samples exhibit a shorter and wider cranial vault. Two
hypotheses have been proposed to account for the morphological differences between early and late-American
samples: (a) the migratory hypothesis that suggests that
the morphological variation between early and late
American samples was the result of a variable number
of migratory waves; and (b) the local diversification hypothesis, that is, the morphological differences between
early and late American samples were mainly generated
by local, random (genetic drift), and nonrandom factors
(selection and phenotypic plasticity). We present the first
craniometric study of three early skulls from the Argentinean Pampas, dated 8,000 cal. years BP (Arroyo Seco
2, Chocorı´, and La Tigra), and one associated with megafaunal remains (Fontezuelas skull). In addition, we studied several Late Holocene samples. We show that the
skulls from the Argentinean Pampas are morphologically
similar to other Early Holocene American skulls (i.e.,
Lagoa Santa from Brazil, Tequendama, Checua, and
Aguazuque from Colombia, Lauricocha from Peru, and
early Mexicans) that exhibit long and narrow cranial
vaults. These samples differ from the Late Holocene
American samples that exhibit a shorter and wider cranial vault. Our results underscore the important differences in cranial morphology between early and lateAmerican samples. However, we emphasize the need for
further studies to discuss alternative hypotheses regarding such differences. Am J Phys Anthropol 143:298305,
2010. C