MODULATION OF GUT MICROBIOTA BY CALORIC RESTRICTION AND LACTIC ACID BACTERIA.

FABERSANI, E., RUSSO, R., MARQUEZ, A., ROSS, R., ABEIJON MUKDSI, C., MEDINA, R., GAUFFIN CANO, P

Simposio; 12 Simposio Latinoamericano de Ciencias de los alimentos; 2017

Thegut microbiota (GM) plays a pivotal role in host health, and its composition ismostly influenced by diet. Its metabolic activity improves the bioavailabilityof nutrients and degradation of non-digestible compounds. It was reported thatcaloric restriction (CR) induced changes in gut microbiota and those can exerta health benefit on the host. Dietary strategies that modulate the compositionof the intestinal microbiota could favor the beneficial effect of CR. Our aimwas to evaluate the effect of CR with and without the administration of lacticacid bacteria on the composition of GM. Balb/c mice were separated into thefollowing groups: SD: Standard diet, CR: 25% caloric restriction, and thegroups: CR plus Lactobacillus (L) fermentum CRL1446 or Lactococcus lactisCRL1434 or L. casei CRL431 (108 CFU/day) in the drinking water. The dietaryintervention was maintained for 45 days. GM composition was determined byhigh-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, at 20 and 45 days.GM wasprofoundly affected by CR. An increase of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteriamembers and reduction of Firmicutes in mice under CR diet compared to SD groupwas observed. CR diet promoted the presence of mainly Bifidobacterium andLactobacillus genus in the gut, and CRL1446 administration induced an increaseof Bifidobacterium abundance. CRL431 induced increase of Firmicutes and reductionof Bacteroidetes members, compared to CR. Finally, in mice fed CRL1434 nosignificant changes were observed with respect to CR group. This is the firststudy reporting a bifidogenic effect associated with CR diet. The influence ofCR on the composition of GM is modulated in a strain-dependent manner.