Properties of Honey from Ten Species of Peruvian Stingless Bees

ANTONIO J. RODRÍGUEZ-MALAVER; CLAUS RASMUSSEN; MARÍA G. GUTIÉRREZC; FLORIMAR GIL; BEATRIZ NIEVES; VIT, PATRICIA

Natural Product Communications

Natural Product Communications Inc

Lugar: Portsmouth; Año: 2009 vol. 4 p. 1221 - 1226

1555-9475

Honey produced by ten stingless bee species (Melipona crinita, M. eburnea, M. grandis, M. illota, Nannotrigona melanocera,Partamona epiphytophila, Ptilotrigona lurida, Scaptotrigona polystica, Scaura latitarsis, and Tetragonisca angustula) from Peru hasbeen characterized according to traditional physicochemical standards (color and moisture), biochemical components(flavonoids, polyphenols, nitrites, proteins), and bioactive properties (antibacterial activity, antioxidant capacity). Analyticaldata are also provided for a sample of Apis mellifera and an artificial honey control. For stingless bees, honey color variedbetween 26 and 150 mm Pfund. M. illota produced the lightest honey, while N. melanocera and T. angustula were the darkest.Moisture varied between 20.8 and 45.8 g water/100 g, confirming higher moisture for stingless bee honey than the A. melliferahoney standard of 20 g water/100 g. Flavonoids varied from 2.6 to 31.0 mg quercetin equivalents/100g, nitrites from 0.30 to2.88 μmoles nitrites/100 g, polyphenols from 99.7 to 464.9 mg gallic acid equivalents/100g, proteins from 0.75 to 2.86 g/100 g,and the antioxidant capacity from 93.8 to 569.6 μmoles Trolox equivalents/100 g. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)was slightly lower against Staphylococcus aureus (12.5 -50 g/100 mL) than Escherichia coli (50 g/100 mL).