Effect of early programming stimuli on magnocellular neurons and their osmoregulatory responses

PORCARI, CINTIA Y.; LENCINA, CRISTINA A.; MECAWI, ANDRÉ S.; ANASTASÍA, AGUSTÍN; CAEIRO, XIMENA E.; GODINO, ANDREA

Puerto Varas

Congreso; PANAM Physiological Sciences 2023; 2023

The obligatory increase in sodium intake during the perinatal period has programming effectsthat affect cardiovascular function and the vasopressinergic system, causing anatomical andmolecular changes at the renal, cerebral, and vascular levels culminating in an increase inblood pressure in the progeny. However, the effect of perinatal natriophilia on blood pressurecontrol mechanisms and the vasopressinergic system is not known. To this end, we evaluatedthe effect of voluntary hypertonic sodium intake during the perinatal stage on blood pressurecontrol and gene expression at the renal and brain levels after a sodium overload (SO)challenge in adult offspring (PM-NaCl group). Experiments were approved by the ethicscommittee (#009/2019) and results were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and post hoc tests. Asustained increase in blood pressure was observed after SO in male animals relative to theircontrols (PM-Control). In the supraoptic nucleus, SO did not modify the relative expression ofAVP (precursor and neuropeptide) in PM-NaCl in contrast to the increase observed in controls.At the renal level, PM-NaCl animals showed a reduction in the number of glomeruli, a decreasein transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor type 1 mRNA expression, and an increase inangiotensinergic receptor type 1 mRNA expression, with no change in vasopressinergicreceptor 2 in the renal cortex compared to PM-Control. These results suggest that theavailability of a sodium-rich resource during the perinatal stage has a long-term programmingeffect on neuroendocrine, renal, and cardiovascular responses induced by osmotic challenges,impacting the regulation of homeostasis.