Functionalized carbon nanomaterials as building blocks for the development of affinity biosensors

MICHAEL LOPEZ MUJICA; TAMBORELLI, LUIS A.; PABLO GALLAY; VASCHETTI, VIRGINIA; PERRACHIONE, FABRIZIO; REARTES, DAIANA; ROCIO DELPINO; RODRÍGUEZ, MARCELA; RUBIANES, MARÍA DOLORES; DALMASSO, PABLO D; RIVAS, GUSTAVO

Mátrafüred

Congreso; International Meeting on Chemical Sensors; 2022

This communication is focused on the design, characterization and analytical applications of nanobiosensorsbased on the use of rationally functionalized carbon nanotubes and graphenaceousmaterials. Specialattention was given to the influence of nanostructures functionalization andbiorecognition/transduction eventson the analytical performance of the resulting nanoarchitecturesfor the quantification of cancer and Covid-19biomarkers.The electrochemical (bio)sensors were obtained by modification of glassy carbon, screenprintedcarbon and gold electrodes modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) noncovalentlyfunctionalized with (bio)molecules or graphenaceous materials modified withpolymers as platforms to allowthe selective anchoring of the biorecognition molecules or todirectly work as biorecognition elements..Wepropose a new strategy to build impedimetric genosensors connected to the use of MWCNTsdispersed inavidin as platform to support the DNA probes in a mode analogue to the magneticnanobeads. The resultingarchitectures were used for the non-label and non-amplifiedquantification of BRCA1 and SARS-CoV-2 RNAat femtomolar and atomolar levels, respectively.We also propose the development of highly sensitive andselective impedimetric and plasmonicmicroRNA-21 nanobiosensors based on the use of graphenaceous materials modified withchitosan as platform to immobilize the DNA probe.The results demonstrated that therational design of the bioanalytical platforms through the criticalselection of the nanomaterial functionalization,biorecognition event and transduction scheme arekey aspects for the development of highly sensitive andselective sequence-specific detectionbiosensors. The proposed schemes not only represent a model forfurther design of biosensinglayers and bioaffinity biosensors, but also for the development of novel in-situamplificationschemes.