INVESTIGADORES
VARGAS GIL Silvina
artículos
Título:
Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices.
Autor/es:
SILVINA VARGAS GIL; JOSÉ MERILES; CINTHIA CONFORTO; GERVASIO FIGONI; MARÍA DEL VALLE BASANTA; EDGAR LOVERA; GUILLERMO MARCH
Revista:
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
Editorial:
SPRINGER
Referencias:
Año: 2009 vol. 25 p. 439 - 448
ISSN:
0959-3993
Resumen:
Soil microbiological and chemical aspects were
evaluated to determine the effects of conservation tillage
and crop rotation on soil fertility over a 16-year period. A
field trial was established to compare two cropping systems
(continuous soybean and maize/soybean, soybean/maize
rotation). In addition, maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean
(Glycine max L., Merr) were grown in two different tillage
systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of
systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of
(Glycine max L., Merr) were grown in two different tillage
systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of
systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of
Zea mays L.) and soybean
(Glycine max L., Merr) were grown in two different tillage
systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of
systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of
Glycine max L., Merr) were grown in two different tillage
systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of
Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp. and total fungi were
more abundant when maize or soybean were under conservation
tillage and in the maize/soybean and soybean/
maize rotation, than in continuous soybean. Furthermore,
higher levels of microbial respiration and fluorescein diacetate
hydrolysis (FDA), were recorded under no tillage
systems. However, soil counts of Actinomycetes and
more abundant when maize or soybean were under conservation
tillage and in the maize/soybean and soybean/
maize rotation, than in continuous soybean. Furthermore,
higher levels of microbial respiration and fluorescein diacetate
hydrolysis (FDA), were recorded under no tillage
systems. However, soil counts of Actinomycetes and
a spp., Gliocladium spp. and total fungi were
more abundant when maize or soybean were under conservation
tillage and in the maize/soybean and soybean/
maize rotation, than in continuous soybean. Furthermore,
higher levels of microbial respiration and fluorescein diacetate
hydrolysis (FDA), were recorded under no tillage
systems. However, soil counts of Actinomycetes and
Pythium spp., and Pythium diversity together with soil
microbial biomass were not affected by the field treatments.
To establish a correlation with soil biological factors, soil
chemical parameters, such as pH, organic matter content,
total N, electrical conductivity, NNO3
microbial biomass were not affected by the field treatments.
To establish a correlation with soil biological factors, soil
chemical parameters, such as pH, organic matter content,
total N, electrical conductivity, NNO3
spp., and Pythium diversity together with soil
microbial biomass were not affected by the field treatments.
To establish a correlation with soil biological factors, soil
chemical parameters, such as pH, organic matter content,
total N, electrical conductivity, NNO33
- and P were also
quantified, most of the correlations being significantly
positive. Under no tillage there was a clear increase of the
amount of crop residues and the C and N soil content due to
the presence of residues. Also the distribution of crop
residues in surface soil due to zero tillage and the quality of
these residues, depending on the crop rotation employed,
improved on soil biological and chemical characteristics.
Crop yield was also enhanced by zero tillage through the
management of residues. Although yield values were not
directly associated with the development of microorganisms,
both yield and microorganisms were influenced by
crop management. These results suggest that measuring soil
properties over a long period helps to define effective
management strategies in order to preserve soil conditions.
quantified, most of the correlations being significantly
positive. Under no tillage there was a clear increase of the
amount of crop residues and the C and N soil content due to
the presence of residues. Also the distribution of crop
residues in surface soil due to zero tillage and the quality of
these residues, depending on the crop rotation employed,
improved on soil biological and chemical characteristics.
Crop yield was also enhanced by zero tillage through the
management of residues. Although yield values were not
directly associated with the development of microorganisms,
both yield and microorganisms were influenced by
crop management. These results suggest that measuring soil
properties over a long period helps to define effective
management strategies in order to preserve soil conditions.
and P were also
quantified, most of the correlations being significantly
positive. Under no tillage there was a clear increase of the
amount of crop residues and the C and N soil content due to
the presence of residues. Also the distribution of crop
residues in surface soil due to zero tillage and the quality of
these residues, depending on the crop rotation employed,
improved on soil biological and chemical characteristics.
Crop yield was also enhanced by zero tillage through the
management of residues. Although yield values were not
directly associated with the development of microorganisms,
both yield and microorganisms were influenced by
crop management. These results suggest that measuring soil
properties over a long period helps to define effective
management strategies in order to preserve soil conditions.