INVESTIGADORES
VARGAS GIL Silvina
artículos
Título:
Field Trial Assessment of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Responses of Soil to Tillage Intensity, Fertilization, and Grazing
Autor/es:
SILVINA VARGAS GIL; ANALÍA BECKER; CLAUDIO ODDINO; MÓNICA ZUZA; ADRIANA MARINELLI; GUILLERMO MARCH
Revista:
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Editorial:
SPRINGER
Referencias:
Año: 2009 vol. 44 p. 378 - 386
ISSN:
0364-152X
Resumen:
Soil microbial populations can fluctuate in
response to environmental changes and, therefore, are often
used as biological indicators of soil quality. Soil chemical
and physical parameters can also be used as indicators
because they can vary in response to different management
strategies. A long-term field trial was conducted to study
the effects of different tillage systems (NT: no tillage, DH:
disc harrow, and MP: moldboard plough), P fertilization
(diammonium phosphate), and cattle grazing (in terms of
crop residue consumption) in maize (Zea mays L.), sunflower
(Heliantus annuus L.), and soybean (Glycine max
(Heliantus annuus L.), and soybean (Glycine max
(Heliantus annuus L.), and soybean (Glycine max
Zea mays L.), sunflower
(Heliantus annuus L.), and soybean (Glycine maxHeliantus annuus L.), and soybean (Glycine max
L.) on soil biological, chemical, and physical parameters.
The field trial was conducted for four crop years (2000/
2001, 2001/2002, 2002/2003, and 2003/2004). Soil populations
of Actinomycetes, Trichoderma spp., and GliocladiumTrichoderma spp., and Gliocladium
spp. were 49% higher under conservation tillage
systems, in soil amended with diammonium phosphate
(DAP) and not previously grazed. Management practices
also influenced soil chemical parameters, especially
organic matter content and total N, which were 10% and
55% higher under NT than under MP. Aggregate stability
was 61% higher in NT than in MP, 15% higher in P-fertilized
soil, and also 9% higher in not grazed strips, bulk
density being 12% lower in NT systems compared with
MP. DAP application and the absence of grazing also
reduced bulk density (3%). Using conservation tillage
systems, fertilizing crops with DAP, and avoiding grazing
contribute to soil health preservation and enhanced crop
production.
contribute to soil health preservation and enhanced crop
production.
contribute to soil health preservation and enhanced crop
production.
contribute to soil health preservation and enhanced crop
production.