Fabrication and Characterization of Gelatin/Calcium Phosphate Electrospun Composite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

MIGUEZ MARTIN; GARCIA SABAROTS MANUEL; CID MARIANA PAULA; SALVATIERRA NANCY ALICIA; COMIN ROMINA

FIBERS AND POLYMERS

KOREAN FIBER SOC

Año: 2022 vol. 23 p. 1915 - 1923

1229-9197

Although bone tissue has a unique healing capacity that does not induce scar tissue formation, complex fracturescan lead to delayed healing. Tissue engineering offers strategies to aid healing bone defects using customized bonesubstitutes. In this work, nanofibrous scaffolds of gelatin and calcium phosphate were fabricated by electrospinning. Calciumphosphate was prepared from natural hydroxyapatite by acid treatment, and calcium phosphate particles were characterizedby X-ray diffraction. The samples showed peaks that allowed those belonging to the hydroxyapatite phase with a crystallinitydegree ranging from 60 to 75 % to be identified. Dynamic light scattering revealed 32 % nanoparticles in the sample. Themorphology, diameter, elements, physical properties, degradability and bioactivity of the composite scaffolds wereinvestigated. The cytocompatibility of the scaffolds was assessed in the NIH3T3 and U2OS cells. The results showed thatgelatin/calcium phosphate scaffolds had a nanofibrillar structure that was maintained after 20 days post-immersion, withswelling and porosity values being 1565 % and 85 %, respectively. There was no cytotoxicity to NIH3T3 and cell adhesion,spreading, and proliferation of U2OS cells took place. In addition, the gelatin/calcium phosphate scaffold exhibited goodbioactivity when immersed in simulated body fluid. Thus, the gelatin/calcium phosphate electrospun scaffolds could be apotential material for bone regeneration.