Hot aqueous extract of Achyrocline satureioides: preliminary cytogenotoxic studies

CARIDDI LN; SABINI C; ESCOBAR F; ZAMORA F; MALDONADO AM; REINOSO E; SABINI LI

Congreso; XXVII Jornadas Científicas, Asociación de Biología de Tucumán; 2010

The toxic effects of Achyrocline satureioides are little known.The aim was to determine the cytogenotoxic activity of hot aqueous extract (HAE) of A. satureioides. Human lymphocytes were exposed to HAE (50-1000 μg/mL),18-24 h. Cell viability was determined by trypan blue dye exclusion (TBDE) and MTT reduction. DNA fragmentation in agarose gel electrophoresis was analysed. Genotoxicity was evaluated by micronucleus test. Balb/c mice were injected with HAE (500, 200 and 100 mg/kg), saline solution and cyclophosphamide as negative and positive controls, respectively. Bone marrow samples from animals sacrificed 24 h post-injection, were fixed and stained. One thousand polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) were counted to determine number of micronuclei (MN) and PCE/250 normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) to calculate toxicity index (TI). Both methods demonstrated dose-dependent toxicity of HAE (CC50=670g/mL and CC50>200g/mL by TBDE and MTT, respectively). Agarose gel electrophoresis did not show typical DNA laddering. Number of MNPCE for negative control: 5(1), positive control: 62(13) and HAE: 28(8), 12(3), 4(1). TI for negative control: 1.38(0.35), positive control: 3.1(1.06) and HAE: 0.30(0.05), 0.22(0.08), 0.23(0.02). HAE should not induce apoptosis or mutagenicity. However, the decrease in PCE/NCE should indicate a toxic effect on precursor cells from bone marrow.