Nickel oxide performance as anode material for Lithium Ion Batteries

MARIELA GISELA ORTIZ; SILVIA GRACIELA REAL; ARNALDO VISINTIN

San Salvador de Jujuy

Workshop; IWLiME 2016: 3rd International Workshop on Lithium, Industrial Minerals and Energy; 2016

Universidad Nacional de Jujuy y Centro de Investigaciòn Avanzada del litio y minerales industriales

Lithium ion batteries, as arechargeable power source, have attracted much more attention due to theirextensive applications in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles.Although most commercial Li-ion batteries use graphite as anode, a variety ofmaterials have been investigated in order to increase the cell capacity, andtherefore its specific energy. Some of these materials are transition metaloxides, which are able to store more Li per gram than graphite and to improvetheir specific capacities. In this respect, special attention has been given toFe, Co, and Ni based oxides [1-3].Particularly, NiO is one of thepromising anode materials for Li -ion batteries because of its low cost,environmental friendless and high theoretical capacity values (718 mA h g-1for 2Li+per NiO).Various NiO components with different structuressuch as mesoporous, nanosheet, networks, nanowall, nanotube and hollowmicrosphere have been successfully fabricated [4-5].In this work, the preparation andcharacterization of nickel oxide as anodes materials in lithium-ion batteriesare presented. Two processes are involved in the synthetic procedure; in thefirst step the nickel hydroxide was obtained by hydrothermal synthesis (4h, 180°C)and then the precipitated was washed with distilled water to remove theresidual species. The second step consists of the material calcinations in airat 300ºC, for 4 (NiO-4h) and 24(NiO-24h) hours. The structural characteristicsand electrochemical properties of the obtained nickel oxides are subsequentlyinvestigated by optical and electrochemical techniques such as: FTIR, SEM,charge-discharge cycles, galvanostatic discharge at different currents andcyclic voltammetry.The anode materials (NiO-4h and NiO-24h) weresynthesized via a facile two-step route and exhibit a satisfactory specificcapacity, cyclability and rate capability (Figure 1). These results indicate thatthe studied electrodes could be suitable as anodes in lithium ion batteriesapplications.