Connexin 43 is required for the anti-apoptotic effect of bisphosphonates on osteocytes and osteoblasts in vivo

LILIAN PLOTKIN; LEZCANO, VIRGINIA; JEFF THOSTENSON; ROBERT WEINSTEIN; STAVROS MANOLAGAS; TERESITA BELLIDO

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH

AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES

Año: 2008 vol. 23 p. 1712 - 1721

0884-0431

Connexin (Cx)43 is required for inhibition of osteocyte and osteoblast apoptosis by bisphosphonates in vitro. Herein, we evaluated its requirement for the in vivo actions of bisphosphonates using mice in which Cx43 was deleted specifically from osteocytes and osteoblasts (Cx43Ob−Ot/− mice). Effective removal of Cx43 was confirmed by the presence of the deleted form of the gene and by reduced mRNA and protein expression in osteoblastic cells and bones obtained from Cx43Ob−Ot/− mice. The amino-bisphosphonate alendronate (2.3 mol/kg/d) was injected daily into 5-mo-old female mice (n 6–11) for 31 days, starting 3 days before implantation of pellets releasing the glucocorticoid prednisolone (2.1 mg/kg/d). Cx43Ob−Ot/− mice and their littermates (Cx43fl/−, Cx43Ob−Ot/+, and Cx43fl/+) gained bone with similar kinetics and exhibited identical bone mass from 2 to 4.5 mo of age, indicating that Cx43 deletion from osteocytes and mature osteoblasts does not impair bone acquisition. In addition, prednisolone induced a similar increase in osteocyte and osteoblast apoptosis in Cx43Ob−Ot/− or in control Cx43fl/− littermates. However, whereas alendronate prevented prednisolone-induced apoptosis in control Cx43fl/− mice, it was ineffective in Cx43Ob−Ot/− mice. In contrast, alendronate inhibited glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in both type of animals, suggesting that inhibition of resorption is the predominant effect of alendronate against the early phase of glucocorticoidinduced bone loss. Taken together with earlier in vitro evidence, these findings show that Cx43 is required for the anti-apoptotic effect of bisphosphonates on osteocytes and osteoblasts.