Ecophysiology of Fusarium chaquense a Novel Type A Trichothecene Producer Species Isolated from Natural Grasses

NICHEA M.J.; CENDOYA E.; HAIDUKOWSKI M.; TORRES A.M; MARIA L RAMIREZ

toxins

MDPI

Año: 2021 vol. 13

2072-6651

Fusarium chaquense, a recently formally described novel species, has been identifiedas an T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2)HT-2, T-2 and other toxins producer in natural grasses(Poaceae) from Argentina. The major objective of this study was to describe the effect of wateractivity (a W , 0.995, 0.98, 0.95, 0.93 and 0.91), temperature (15, 25 and 30 °C) and incubation time(5, 15 and 25 days) on growth and to evaluate the production of T-2, HT-2 toxins and beauvericin(BEA) by two F. chaquense strains of in a grass-based media. The results showed a wide range ofconditions for F. chaquense growth and mycotoxin production. Both strains had a maximumgrowth rate at the highest a W (0.995) and 25 °C. Regarding mycotoxin production, more T-2 thanthe other analysed mycotoxins were produced by the two strains. T-2 production was favoured at0.995 a W and 30 °C, while HT-2 production at 0.98?0.95 a W and 15 °C. The maximum levels ofBEA were produced at 0.995 a W and 25?30 °C. Two-dimensional profiles of a W by temperatureinteractions were obtained from these data in order to identify areas where conditions indicate asignificant risk of mycotoxins accumulation on grass. For its versatility on growth and mycotoxinproduction in a wide range of a W and temperatures, F. chaquense would have an adaptiveadvantage over other Fusarium species, and this would explain its high frequency of isolation innatural grasses grown up in the Chaco wetlands.