Development of Control Techniques for AC Microgrids: A Critical Assessment

CÁRDENAS, PABEL ALBERTO; MARTÍNEZ, MAXIMILIANO; MOLINA, MARCELO GUSTAVO; MERCADO, PEDRO ENRIQUE

Sustainability

MDPI

Lugar: Basilea; Año: 2023 vol. 15

This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of control strategies for AC microgrids(MG) and presents a confidently designed hierarchical control approach divided into differentlevels. These levels are specifically designed to perform functions based on the MG’s mode ofoperation, such as grid-connected or islanded mode. The primary control ensures frequency (f) andvoltage (V) stability, whereas the secondary control adjusts their values to their references and thetertiary control efficiently manages the power of distributed generators (DGs) in a cost-effectivemanner. The article extensively discusses centralized, decentralized, and distributed strategies foreach control level, highlighting their differences, advantages, disadvantages, and areas of application.Finally, the usefulness of different control strategies at different levels is demonstrated throughpractical examples.