Autophagy response: manipulating the mTOR-controlled machinery by amino acids and pathogens

FADER, CM; AGUILERA MO; COLOMBO, MI

AMINO ACIDS

SPRINGER

Lugar: Berlin; Año: 2015 vol. 47 p. 2001 - 2012

0939-4451

Macroautophagy is a self-degradative process that normally maintains cellular homeostasis via a lysosomalpathway. It is induced by different stress signals, including nutrients and growth factors? restriction as well as pathogen invasions. These stimuli are modulated by the serine/threonine protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) which control not only autophagy but also protein translation and gene expression. This review focuses on the important role of mTOR as a master regulator of cell growth and the autophagy pathway. Here, we have discussed the role of intracellular amino acid availability and intracellular pH in theredistribution of autophagic structures, which may contribute to mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity regulation. We have also discussed that mTORC1 complex and components of the autophagy machinery are localized at the lysosomal surface, representing a fascinating mechanism to control the metabolism, cellular clearance and also to restrain invading intracellular pathogens.