Acordando de um sono de cem anos: uma nova espécie de Nothoscordum (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae) da Floresta Atlântica brasileira

ANTONIO CAMPOS-ROCHA; AGOSTINA B. SASSONE; JUAN D. URDAMPILLETA; VINICIUS G. DE ZORZI; MATEUS QUEIROZ; RICARDO M. GOFFI; JULIE H. A. DUTILH

BOLETíN DE LA SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTáNICA

SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTÁNICA

Lugar: Córdoba; Año: 2023

0373-580X

SummaryBackground and aims: Serra do Itapetinga houses one of the most importantremnants of Atlantic Forest in the macrometropolis of São Paulo, the most populousregion of Brazil. In the context of monographic works on Brazilian Nothoscordumspecies, a new species with current distribution restricted to Serra do Itapetinga wasidentified, and is described and illustrated here.M&M: Recognition of the new species is based on morphological, molecular andcytological data. Descriptions and morphological comparisons were obtainedfrom examination of herbarium collections or living plants. Based on nuclear (ITS)and plastid (ndhF and matK) DNA markers, a molecular phylogeny including thedescribed species is presented. Its conservation status was assessed using theIUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.Results: Nothoscordum itapetinga bears free staminal filaments, a typicalmorphological characters of sect. Nothoscordum. Its placement in sect.Nothoscordum is also supported by molecular data and base chromosome number.We provide its chromosome count along with karyotype formula and DNA content.Comments on its distribution, habitat and conservation are furnished.Conclusions: With the data available the new species is considered CriticallyEndangered (CR). The localities of occurrence suffered decades of impactsresulting from intensive and uncontrolled use, in addition to human-induced fires,which modified the vegetation structure and floristic composition. Following theefforts of locating additional records, urgent protection and conservation measuresare required to ensure the survival of the remaining populations of N. itapetinga.