Individual and contextual exposures and cardio-metabolic diseases in adults of Argentina. A contribution for epidemiological surveillance

ABALLAY LR; NICLIS C; ROMÁN MD; POU SA,; BECARIA COQUET J; EANDI, M; FERNANDEZ, RA; REARTES GA; CANALE MG; CARRILLO, MNV; DÍAZ MP; MUÑOZ SE; BUTINOF M,

virtual

Congreso; International Society of Environmental Epidemiology; 2022

International Society of Environmental Epidemiology

Background Genetic, nutrition and lifestyle are considered the drivers of obesity and their associated metabolic dysfunctions1, however, they are not enough to explain their rapid and highly increased incidence. Individual and contextual exposure to numerous factors, including environmental pollutants, may be linked to obesity, diabetes and hypertension2.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the association of individual and contextual exposures with cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD) occurrence in adults of Córdoba province (Argentina) for epidemiological surveillance purposes.MethodsStudy Design: population-based study of 493 subjects (30-60 years) performed in two socio-environmental and economically differentiated areas of Córdoba Province, Argentina, in 2017. Collected data: Individual characteristics: gender, age, BMI, tobacco habit, socio-economic status (SES) and occupational exposure.Adherence level to dietary patterns: Argentine Pro-inflammatory (APP), Fast food (FFP), Simile-Mediterranean (SMP), Prudent (PP).Contextual exposure: farm machinery warehouse (FMW) and agricultural pesticide applications (APA) within 100m from home.CMD: Self-reported hypertension (HT), diabetes (DBT), and obesity (measured BMI). Statistical analysis: Two steps were performed: Multiple Correspondence Analyses to explore exposure profiles; Logistic regression models, to estimate the association between individual and contextual exposures and CMD considered together and independently (HT, DBT and obesity), in the full sample and stratified by area (North and South).Results: Two different profiles regarding sociodemographic and environmental indicators -coincident with the studied areas - were identified (71.39% of explained variation (Figure 2). 42% of all the individuals had at least one CMD (19% HT, 7.3% DBT and 32.52% obesity); Age and a high socioeconomic status were directly and inversely associated to all CMD, together and independently. BMI was associated with HT and DBT; SMP (overall) and PP (in North area) were inversely associated with all CMD together and specifically with obesity; The FMW was significantly associated with DBT (South area)APA was associated with all CMD and particularly with HT, in the North aConclusion In Córdoba province, epidemiological surveillance programs are required to reduce CMD epidemic; both individual and community - environmental factors need to be addressed.