Mineral content and its environmental effect of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merril) cultivated in Argentina

MARIOLI NOBILE, C.G.; BALZARINI, M.; AGUATE, F.; SUÁREZ, R.; PLOPER, L.D.; MARTÍNEZ, M.J.

Long Beach, California

Congreso; 2014 ASA, CSSA, and SSSA International Annual Meeting (American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America); 2014

ASA, CSSA, y SSSA

Around 20% of the world soybean production is grown in Argentina, andit?s mainly destined for exportation to be used for multiple purposes. Argentinesoybeans are cultivated under a wide range of environments. The mineral contentof the soybeans affect the quality and safety of the end products. The aim ofthis study was to evaluate how the mineral content of the soybeans wereaffected by the environment. Two soybean types a non-transgenic food type and atransgenic (Roundup-resistant) widely known in Argentina were used for thisstudy. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete-block design withtwo replications at each environment. Eight locations from contrasting regionsof the Argentinean soybean cropland, two sowing dates, and two consecutivegrowing seasons were selected. Climatic variables were recorded during thesoybean critic period (R5-R7). Soil analyses were also performed. Ca, P, Mg,Na, K, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Mo, Al, Se, Cd, As, and Pb were determined in thesoybeans by ICP-MS. Statistical analysis ANOVA and PLS were accomplished. All mineralelements except for As and Se were found in the soybeans. The environment(defined as location+sawing date+year) was the main source of variation formineral content. The minerals in soybeans did not significantly differ betweensowing dates and growing seasons. Soybeans from Cerro Azul and Reconquista hadthe highest cations contents. The mean daily air temperature significantly andpositively correlated with the content of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co and Pb, inthe soybeans. Mo, Cd, Zn, Pb and Ca in the seed and in the soil were bothcorrelated. Additionally, different patterns of mineral accumulation (mainlyfor minor elements) were observed between the soybeans types amongst theevaluated environments. It can be concluded that not only the soybean type, butalso the environment should be considered when a specific soybean product ispursued