Evaluación de curasemillas químicos y biológicos para el control de la podredumbre carbonosa de la soja

REZNIKOV, S.; GONZÁLEZ, V; VELLICE, G.; CASTAGNARO, A P; PLOPER, L.D.

Análisis de Semillas

Estudio Rolando

Lugar: Rosario; Año: 2011 vol. 3 p. 112 - 118

1851-1678

Charcoal rot of soybean is caused by the polyphagous fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. This disease has an economic impact on different crops in North and South America, Asia, Australia, Africa, and some parts of Europe. The performance of two biological products (Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus sp.) and a chemical product (thiophanate methyl + pyraclostrobin) in Macrophomina phaseolina control was evaluated in a field trial, using two soybean cultivars from maturity group VIII (A 8000 RG and Munasqa RR) which had been inoculated with the fungus. The trial was conducted in Tucumán, Argentina, and evaluated parameters were root emergence percentage (ER), disease severity at R7 and colony forming units (CFU) per gram of root. Yield and 1000-seed-weight were also determined. Inoculation with Macrophomina phaseolina reduced ER in both cultivars, but the treatments were effective in counteracting this effect. Severity was higher in A 8000 RG than in Munasqa RR, which coincided with the highest CFU/g values recorded for A 8000 RG. Values for 1000-seed-weight in both cultivars did not differ significantly among treatments. As for yield, treatments had similar effects, with highest values obtained when using the fungicide thiophanate methyl + pyraclostrobin, followed by those reached with Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus sp., although differences were significant only when compared with the inoculated control in the case of Munasqa RR.