Silver nanoparticle filter for domestic wastewater reuse

GAGNETEN, ANA MARÍA; ROMERO, NATALÍ; RENO, ULISES; REGALDO, LUCIANA; KERGARAVAT, SILVINA V.; RODENAK-KLADNIEW, BORIS E.; CASTRO, GUILLERMO R.

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD

Año: 2021

0268-2575

BACKGROUNDUnder scarcity of freshwater, the reuse and low‐cost technological solutions applied to wastewaters seek to reduce contamination to the users and freshwater biota.RESULTSA low‐cost cellulose membrane was doped with silver nanoparticles to filter urban wastewater (UW) from a city of Argentina. The total amount of coliforms and Escherichia coli in the filter decreased by 99.6% and 99.9%. The leak of silver from the filter was 275 ng/L, analyzed by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. Silver nanoparticles tested on HepG2 and A549 mammalian cell lines showed no toxicity in a broad concentration range. Calculation of the organic matter provided by dead bacteria post‐filtration was 347 μg/L proteins, 148 μg/L nucleic acids, 57 μg/L lipids, and 53 μg/L polysaccharides, indicating high availability of organic matter. The retention of inorganic salts in the filter was 78.5% ammonia, 6.2% nitrates, 97.6% nitrites, and 19.2% phosphates. In post‐filtered UW, the Lactuca sativa germination test showed early seed germination between 90% and 95% in all the dilutions tested. In the range of 6.25% to 50.0% filtered UW showed no significant differences in the hypocotyl but was significant in the radicle length (mm) compared to the control made of synthetic media (p