Consumo problemático de alcohol en jóvenes: desde la investigación básica a la prevención

PAUTASSI R.M.

Montevideo

Congreso; Jornadas de investigación e intervención sobre consumo de alcohol en Uruguay; 2019

Universidad de la República

Es una conferencia, se presentan "excerpts" de la charla. I analyze alcohol use disorders under a so-called developmental perspective. Under that perspective, alcoholism is not a disorder of the mature adult, but instead has its etiological roots in adolescence, infancy and even in-utero. Using that framework, we will try to provide answers for three questions today.1: Are adolescents different than adults in terms of reactivity to alcohol?2: Employing the information derived from question 1, Can we pinpoint which adolescents will progress from use to abuse of alcohol?3: What are the mechanisms by which prenatal alcohol alters response to alcohol?So, let?s begin with the first one. Cuando ponemos todo lo que vimos hasta ahora junto, lo que parece emerger es que los adolescents poseeen un patron de respuesta al alcohol que parece ponerlos a riesgo, de iniiciar y continuar el consume de alcohol, y quizas esto nos ayude a entender este grafico: que muestra que la prevalencia de dependencia al alcohol es mayor en la adolescencia tardía y la adultez temprana que en cualquier otro momento de la vida. In my lab, we have been gathering evidence, through the use of animal models, that supports this theory. Adult rats spend as much time in a context or chamber that has been paired with the effects of alcohol, as they do in a context that has been associated with water. This does not seem to be the case for adolescents, which exhibit conditioned preference for a context associated with alcohol. This experiment illustrates a technique used for measuring the appetitive, positive motivational effects (CPP) of alcohol and suggests that adolescents are more sensitive to alcohol?s positive rewarding effects in adolescent than adults.