Metabolomic approach to understand plant adaptations to water and salt stress

ANDREA ANDRADE; ANALÍA LLANES; SERGIO ALEMANO; VIRGINIA LUNA

Plant metabolites and regulation under environmental stress

Elsevier Inc

Año: 2018; p. 133 - 144

Plants are unable to escape from unfavorable environmental conditions, e.g., biotic and abiotic stresses; thus their responsesare manifested through physiological and metabolomic changes (Maritim et al., 2015). Salt and water stresses are the majorabiotic environmental conditions that reduce plant growth and result in significant yield losses. Although plants have a widespectrum of mechanisms to adapt to adverse environmental conditions, the current understanding of mechanisms associatedwith the ability of plants to maintain their growth under abiotic stresses are poorly understood. New advances in ?omic?technologies are providing opportunities leading to the identification of pathways and mechanisms involved in plant stressresponses (Ahuja et al., 2010). As most studies focused on model plants, here we consider plant species such as halophytesand other economically important glycophyte species such as sunflower. In response to salt and water stresses disruptionsin plant metabolism occur, resulting in metabolic reconfiguration to maintain cell homeostasis and to assure plant survival(Hamanishi et al., 2015). There are numerous reports about the use of metabolomics to dissect plant responses to abioticstresses, especially in the model plant Arabidopsis (Obata and Fernie, 2012). This technology is a powerful approach toachieve an integrated knowledge about the metabolic networks that regulate plant stress responses (Urano et al., 2010).Metabolomics can be defined as the study of ?metabolome,? and the metabolome comprises all the chemical moleculeswith low molecular weight (