Challenges in foot-and-mouth disease virus strain selection as an input to attain broad vaccine intraserotype cross-protection

MALIRAT V; BERGMANN I.E.; PEDEMONTE, A; MARADEI E

EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES

EXPERT REVIEWS

Año: 2021 vol. 20 p. 13 - 22

1476-0584

Introduction: Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus is regarded as the most effective wayto prevent disease. Selection of appropriate vaccine strains is challenging due to lack of crossprotectionbetween serotypes and incomplete protection between some strains within a serotype.Vaccine effectiveness can be affected by vaccine formulation, vaccination approaches, and also byemerging field variants. Therefore, a precise evaluation of the protective capacity of the selectedvaccine virus is essential.Areas covered: This article discusses the limitations of currently in use in vitro methods to assess theprotective capacity of vaccine strains. It includes the assessment of well-established South Americanvaccine strains, O1/Campos and A24/Cruzeiro, against outbreaks/emergencies in the continent, as wellas against recent isolates from East and Southeast Asia.Expert opinion: In vitro methods, and particularly r1 values, used to evaluate the protective capacity ofvaccine strains are not conclusive and do not cover the variety of field scenarios. At present, an optionwhen facing emergencies could be to use well-established vaccine strains with broad antigenic/immunogenic coverage, including conditions that lead to increased coverage such as vaccine formulationsand vaccination schemes.