CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) pathophysiological processes include low-grade systemic inflammation, glycolipotoxicity, and oxidative stress that produce metabolic alterations and tissue damage affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Exposure to an enriched environment (AE) that allows greater physical activity and has more varied stimuli can reduce or prevent the deleterious effects produced on the CNS by various pathologies. Objective: to study the effect of an AE on oxidative stress in the CNS in a DM2 rat model.Methodology: 60 male Wistar rats (12 months old) distributed into 5 experimental groups, all received food and water ad libitum. The trial lasted 16 months. The problem groups were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 30% total w/w) and/or moderate alcohol consumption (Alc, 0.42 g/kg body weight/day). Controls fed a chow diet. Rats with HFD diet and alcohol were exposed to an AE. This AE consists of a larger cage with wheels, platforms, ramps, etc. Metabolic and oxidative stress markers in blood and brain were analyzed. The data obtained were statistically analyzed with Infostat (p≤0.05). Cognitive test were assayed. Results: At the 7th month, all the problem animals were diabetic. Oxidative stress markers were increased in animals with HFD diet and alcohol consumption. In brain tissue, GGT was increased (120 to 234%) in the problem groups and exposure to AE was able to reduce it by 27% compared to the Control. Peroxides increased in the problem groups (16 to 53%) and in the group with EA, lipoperoxides decreased to levels similar to those of the control group. In hydroperoxides, a decrease was also observed, but not significant. The levels of nitrites in brain tissue only increased (900%) in the HFD group, other groups recorded lower values than Controls.Conclusions: Exposure to an enriched environment decreases brain oxidative stress levels, in a model of diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet and moderate alcohol consumption.

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