ENHANCED RISK FOR GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND PREECLAMPSIA IN THE MOTHER

DEL ZOTTO H; ALZAMENDI A; CASTROGIOVANNI D; GIOVAMBATTISTA A; ROMERO J; GAILLARD RC; GAGLIARDINO JJ; SPINEDI E

Congreso; Congress on Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome; 2011

Moderate excess of fructose intake through the diet induces metabolic syndrome (MS) in rats. In the present study we attempted to investigate the impact of the intake of an iso-caloric fructose (10 % w/v, in drinking solution) rich diet (FRD) on pregnancy outcome in the rat. On pregnancy day zero, rats were assigned to either group, drinking tap water (normal diet, ND) or FRD throughout pregnancy. All rats were provided with purina chow diet and drinking solution ad libitum. A set of 4 rats per group was submitted to an i.v. high glucose load test on pregnancy day 14. Other set of 4-5 rats per group was sacrificed on pregnancy day 20, then fetus number and weight (BW) were recorded, and placental tissues were dissected for histological studies. Our data indicated that although FRD rats well tolerated high glucose load, the area under the curve of the circulating levels of insulin throughout the test (1 h) was significantly (p< 0.05) higher in FRD than in ND rats. While no differences were noticed in both fetus number and BW among mother-group, the area of placental vasculature was significantly (p< 0.05 vs. ND values) reduced in tissues from FRD rats. Our study further indicates that excessive intake of fructose, for 14-20 days, impaired peripheral insulin sensitivity and induced a distorted placental angiogenesis. This study strongly supports that FRD intake throughout pregnancy enhanced the mother’s risk for development of gestational diabetes and preeclamsia.