Systematic study of magnetar-powered hydrogen-rich supernovae

ORELLANA, M.; BERSTEN, M.C; MORIYA, T.

ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

EDP SCIENCES S A

Lugar: Paris; Año: 2018 vol. 619 p. 1 - 11

0004-6361

Context: It has been suggested that some supernovae (SNe) may be powered by a magnetar formed at the moment of the explosion. While this scenario has mostly been applied to hydrogen-free events, it may be possible also for hydrogen-rich objects.Aims: We explore the effect of including a magnetar on the light curves of supernovae with H-rich progenitors.Methods: We have applied a version of our one-dimensional LTE radiation hydrodynamics code that takes into account the relativistic motion of the ejecta caused by the extra energy provided by the magnetar. For a fixed red supergiant (RSG) progenitor, we have obtained a set of light curves that corresponds to different values of the magnetar initial rotation energy and the spin-down timescale. The model is applied to SN~2004em and OGLE-2014-SN-073, two peculiar Type II SNe with long-rising SN1987A-like light curves, although with much larger luminosities.Results: The presence of a plateau phase in either normal or superluminous supernovae is one possible outcome, even if a magnetar is continuously injecting energy into the ejecta.In other cases, the light curve shows a peak but not a plateau. Also, there are intermediate events with a first peak followed by a slow decline and a late break of the declining slope. Our models show that bright and long rising morphologies are possible even assuming RSG structures.Conclusions: A large number of supernova discoveries per year reveal unexpected new types of explosions. According to our results, SLSNe II-P are to be expected, as well as a variety of light curve morphologies that can all be possible signs of a newly born magnetar.