CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

There is growing evidence that serum vitamin D levels are inversely related to the severity of COVID-19, whose progression may advance towards the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome with a high level of mortality. Although numerous studies have reported multiple protective and immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D, assessing its serum levels to establish prevention and treatment measures and to predict the progression of COVID-19 in infected patients continues to be a neglected practice in the clinic. Additionally, it is not yet known whether the relationship between vitamin D levels and the severity of this viral disease is observed independently of the type of variant of SARS-CoV-2 that has caused the infection or if the existing relationship is variant-dependent. In this context, and intending to contribute knowledge to the field of genomic surveillance and pharmacotherapy of this infectious pathology, we studied a series of clinical cases with a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 whose severity required the hospitalization of these patients in the unit of critical care at the Luis Carlos Lagomaggiore Hospital (Argentina). Of particular interest, at the time of this study, it was determined that the variants of SARS-CoV-2 with the highest circulation in Argentina were the Lambda (Andina) and Gamma (Manaus) variants. The studied patients showed levels of insufficiency, and even vitamin D deficiency, which would indicate that the inverse relationship observed between serum levels of vitamin D and the severity of COVID-19 is evidenced, at least, against infection by the two SARS-CoV-2 variants mentioned. However, to deepen this possible relationship against other variants, additional studies should be carried out in populations with a different viral circulation profile.

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