Influence of surface modifiers on hydrothermal synthesis of KxNa(1−x)NbO3

L. A. RAMAJO; F. RUBIO-MARCOS; A. DEL CAMPO; J. F. FERNÁNDEZ; M. S. CASTRO; R. PARRA

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics

Elsevier

Año: 2015 vol. 26 p. 9402 - 9408

0957-4522

The synthesis of potassium?sodium niobatelead-free piezoelectric ceramics has been widely studiedduring the past decade because of the promising industrialapplication of these materials. We here report theeffect of different additives or surface modifiers (suchas cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexamethylenetetramine,and Triton X-100) on the synthesis of KxNa1-x-NbO3 by a hydrothermal process. To achieve this purpose,ceramic powders are prepared using a 0.6 KOH/NaOH ratio,with a total OH- concentration of 8N under hydrothermalconditions at 200 C. Surface modifiers are used aiming toavoid agglomeration, to modify the particle surface morphologyand to improve the sample density after sintering. Itis worth to note that the potassium concentration in Kx-Na(1-x)NbO3 was increased by the incorporation of thesurface modifiers. In this way, KxNa1-xNbO3-basedceramics exhibit enhanced electrical properties