Aislamiento y caracterización de 14 marcadores de ADN microsatélite y su aplicación en poblaciones naturales de llama (Lama glama) y guanaco (Lama guanicoe)

BUSTAMANTE A.; MATÉ M.L.; ZAMBELLI A.; SILBESTRO M.; VIDAL-RIOJA L.

Mejoramiento genético en Camélidos Sudamericanos

CIF-FCAyP-UMSS

Año: 2003; p. 227 - 232

Camelids are the oldest livestock animal native from South America used by ancient Andean human communities. With the Spanish conquest the camelid populations were decimated and consequently their genetic patrimony impoverished. Currently, in Argentina, there are a large number of projects dedicated to conservation, improvement and sustainable exploitation of this resource. Microsatellite DNA markers are useful molecular tools to identify individuals and analyze the genetic diversity and differentiation of populations. This paper describes the development of a system composed by 14 microsatellite DNA markers specific for South American camelids. Nine markers proceed from llama DNA and five from guanaco. Microsatellite markers were isolated from DNA fragments of genomic libraries, ligated to pGEM3zf plasmid and cloned in STBL2 bacterial strain. Bacteria colonies carrying recombinant plasmids were sequenced and  microsatellites identified. Primers flanking the microsatellite were designed, synthesized and used to genotype, by PCR, 77 llamas and 133 guanacos. All microsatellite markers amplified with comparable efficiency in both species and detected genetic diversity values between 0,61 and 0,78. The Mean Number of Alleles for each locus ranged from 6,57 to 9,00, being observed an important number of private alleles in each species. The high informativity of this set of markers encourages its use for recording the genetic variability of wild and domestic Camelid populations.