Effect of environmental particles produced by forest fires occurring in the delta wetlands in front to Rosario city on the THP1-derived macrophages response

DIAB M; DIAZ A; GABELLINI R; POCHETTINO A; D´ATTILIO L; BAY ML; BOTTASSO O; BONGIOVANNI B

Mar del Plata

Congreso; LXX Reunión Anual de la SAI, 16-19 noviembre de 2022; 2022

Sociedad Argentina de Inmunología

Wetlands are flood-prone areas, and their soil can remain covered by water for considerable time periods. Their fauna and flora are adapted to these particular the wetlands of the Paraná River Deltahave increased, reaching extremely high levels of smoke with toxic particles and gases. These fires affect the biodiversity of the place producing high atmospheric pollution able to cause serious health damage, as it may happen to the Rosario city inhabitants. To improve our knowledge of the role of environmental particles in the innate immune response, we treated macrophages derived from the THP-1 cell line with different concentrations of pollutant particles. The latter were collected for 24 hours with equipment manufactured by Baldor S.A (17.6 lt/min flow) in Rosario. Subsequently, they were placed in RPMI 1640 and sonicated for 10 minutes to suspend theparticles in the liquid. Then the particle suspension was added to the macrophage cultures at different doses for 24 hours. After that, the cultures were used to analyze their cellular viability (MTT), IL1β, IL6, and IL10 production (ELISA), and expression of IL1β, NFκB and NFκB inhibitors (α and β) transcripts by qRT-PCR. The particles collected in January (Jan), September (Sept), October (Oct), and December (Dec) 2021 decreased macrophage viability with respect to unexposed cells. Such particles also increased macrophage IL1β production, especially those from Jan and Sept, as was the case of IL-6 (Oct and Dec) and IL-10 (Jan) synthesis. The same was true when assessing IL1β expression mostly in cells treated with Jan, Sept, and Oct particles. NFκB and both NFκB inhibitor transcripts were increased in cells exposed to Jan, Sept, and Oct particles, whereas iNOS expression was inhibited by the whole set of particles. The environmental pollutants obtained during the months of high forest fires are likely to exacerbate the response developed by the macrophages.