Understanding posttranslational modifications in Giardia lamblia, one of the earliest divergent eukaryotes.

VRANYCH CV; MERINO C; TOUZ MC; ROPOLO AS

San Luis

Congreso; SAIB; 2011

Posttranslational modifications are one of the most effective ways by which evolution has increased the versatility in protein function. In eukaryotic cells, SUMOylation of highly conserved proteins occurs. In the intestinal parasite G. lamblia we showed that gSentrin protein localize mainly in the cytoplasm of Giardia trophozoites, though also surrounding the nuclei, even inside it. By Western Blot we observed several sumoylated proteins but, at this time, only Arginine Deiminase (gADI) was confirmed as a sumoylated substrate. gADI is an important enzyme in the survival and differentiation of the parasite. During the differentiation process, gADI translocated to the nuclei and the production of cysts was reduced. Recently, we demonstrated that in the nuclei gADI citrullinates histones. Moreover, when the enzyme had mutations in the site of sumoylation, the translocation to the nuclei did not occur, nor the citrullination of histones and the number of cysts produced were similar to wild type trophozoites. The characterization of SUMOylation and citrulination in Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. though also surrounding the nuclei, even inside it. By Western Blot we observed several sumoylated proteins but, at this time, only Arginine Deiminase (gADI) was confirmed as a sumoylated substrate. gADI is an important enzyme in the survival and differentiation of the parasite. During the differentiation process, gADI translocated to the nuclei and the production of cysts was reduced. Recently, we demonstrated that in the nuclei gADI citrullinates histones. Moreover, when the enzyme had mutations in the site of sumoylation, the translocation to the nuclei did not occur, nor the citrullination of histones and the number of cysts produced were similar to wild type trophozoites. The characterization of SUMOylation and citrulination in Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. protein localize mainly in the cytoplasm of Giardia trophozoites, though also surrounding the nuclei, even inside it. By Western Blot we observed several sumoylated proteins but, at this time, only Arginine Deiminase (gADI) was confirmed as a sumoylated substrate. gADI is an important enzyme in the survival and differentiation of the parasite. During the differentiation process, gADI translocated to the nuclei and the production of cysts was reduced. Recently, we demonstrated that in the nuclei gADI citrullinates histones. Moreover, when the enzyme had mutations in the site of sumoylation, the translocation to the nuclei did not occur, nor the citrullination of histones and the number of cysts produced were similar to wild type trophozoites. The characterization of SUMOylation and citrulination in Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. though also surrounding the nuclei, even inside it. By Western Blot we observed several sumoylated proteins but, at this time, only Arginine Deiminase (gADI) was confirmed as a sumoylated substrate. gADI is an important enzyme in the survival and differentiation of the parasite. During the differentiation process, gADI translocated to the nuclei and the production of cysts was reduced. Recently, we demonstrated that in the nuclei gADI citrullinates histones. Moreover, when the enzyme had mutations in the site of sumoylation, the translocation to the nuclei did not occur, nor the citrullination of histones and the number of cysts produced were similar to wild type trophozoites. The characterization of SUMOylation and citrulination in Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. G. lamblia we showed that gSentrin protein localize mainly in the cytoplasm of Giardia trophozoites, though also surrounding the nuclei, even inside it. By Western Blot we observed several sumoylated proteins but, at this time, only Arginine Deiminase (gADI) was confirmed as a sumoylated substrate. gADI is an important enzyme in the survival and differentiation of the parasite. During the differentiation process, gADI translocated to the nuclei and the production of cysts was reduced. Recently, we demonstrated that in the nuclei gADI citrullinates histones. Moreover, when the enzyme had mutations in the site of sumoylation, the translocation to the nuclei did not occur, nor the citrullination of histones and the number of cysts produced were similar to wild type trophozoites. The characterization of SUMOylation and citrulination in Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. though also surrounding the nuclei, even inside it. By Western Blot we observed several sumoylated proteins but, at this time, only Arginine Deiminase (gADI) was confirmed as a sumoylated substrate. gADI is an important enzyme in the survival and differentiation of the parasite. During the differentiation process, gADI translocated to the nuclei and the production of cysts was reduced. Recently, we demonstrated that in the nuclei gADI citrullinates histones. Moreover, when the enzyme had mutations in the site of sumoylation, the translocation to the nuclei did not occur, nor the citrullination of histones and the number of cysts produced were similar to wild type trophozoites. The characterization of SUMOylation and citrulination in Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. Giardia trophozoites, though also surrounding the nuclei, even inside it. By Western Blot we observed several sumoylated proteins but, at this time, only Arginine Deiminase (gADI) was confirmed as a sumoylated substrate. gADI is an important enzyme in the survival and differentiation of the parasite. During the differentiation process, gADI translocated to the nuclei and the production of cysts was reduced. Recently, we demonstrated that in the nuclei gADI citrullinates histones. Moreover, when the enzyme had mutations in the site of sumoylation, the translocation to the nuclei did not occur, nor the citrullination of histones and the number of cysts produced were similar to wild type trophozoites. The characterization of SUMOylation and citrulination in Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history. Giardia are crucial to understand the role of these posttranslational modifications in the evolution history.