Detección de Diabetes y otros factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en una población indígena de Amaicha del Valle. Provincia de Tucumán - República Argentina

KLYVER M.I.; LUCIARDI H.L.; PRADO M.M.; VELARDE M.S.; SÁNCHEZ S.S.; ABREGÚ A.V.

REVISTA DE LA ASOCIACION LATINOAMERICANA DE DIABETES

ALAAD

Año: 2005 vol. 13 p. 146 - 151

0327-9154

Cardiovascular diseases (CVO) constitute the first cause of death in the adult population of the occidental coun­tries and diseases as Diabetes, hypertension, dyslipide­mia and the obesity contribute in decisive way in the CVO pathogenesis. Although in the whole population of Argentine, diverse studies indicate that the presence of CVO risk factors is similar to those of Caucasus populations, in the indige­nous communities the date of these factors has been scarcely studied. The objective of this work was to study the presence of risk factors of CVO as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity in the indigenous population of Amaicha del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). A clinic and nutritional survey was carried out to 577 indigenous inhabitants from Amaicha del Valle and its neighboring areas, out of which 370 (65%) completed either the questionnaire and cardiovascular, ophthalmologic, and laboratory studies. The sample was integrated by subjects of both sexes (250 women, 120 men), and mean age: 48.3 ::!: 17.4 yr. Laboratory tests included serum le veIs of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cho­lesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (Tg), as well as the TC/HDL-C ratio and HOMA index. The prevalence of diabetes was 9.2 % (Fig.1). Twelve percent of the population suffered from hypertension. Obesity was found in 24 % of the women and 12 % of the men, while waist size was increased in 51 % and 11 % respectively (Table 1). High levels of TC (64%), LDL-C (55%), and an increased TC/HDL-C ratio (45%) were found (Table 11). The HOMA index was increased in 25 % of the population. The finds of high percentages of ECV risk factors in the Amaicha del Valle indigenous, suggest the necessity that the health authorities undertake sanitary and education measures leading to the prevention and control of this disease.