Occurrence of Fusarium graminearum from wheat in relation to climatic models in Argentina Pampas Region

KIKOT, G.; MOSCHINI, R.; CONSOLO, V.F.; ROJO, R.; SALERNO, G.L.; HOURS, R.; GASONI, L.; ARAMBARRI, A.M.; ALCONADA, T.M.

MYCOPATHOLOGIA

Springer Netherlands

Año: 2011 vol. 71 p. 139 - 149

0301-486X

<!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:ES; mso-fareast-language:ES-AR;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important disease throughout many of the world wheat-growing areas that have humid to semi-humid climate.The infection happens during the antesis of the wheat, when there have been  favorable conditions of  moisture and temperature. The direct relation of the infection to environmental factors make possible the  formulation of mathematical models that predict the disease. The causal agent of the FHB of the spike of wheat is attributed principally to Fusarium graminearum. In Argentina, high economic losses due to wheat grains contaminated with this pathogen have been recorded. In the present work 67 isolates of  Fusarium spp. were obtained from samples of wheat grains from  pampas region from 15 locations distributed in  Buenos Aires, Entre Ríos, Santa Fe and Córboba provinces during  2006 and 2007 wheat growing seasons. The identification of  species from monosporic isolates was carried out by  morphological characterization and use of species specific PCR-based assays. Both identification criteria  were  necessary and  complementary for the  species determination, since in some cases the molecular identification was  not specific. Scanty presence of F. graminearum was observed in 2006 wheat growing season coinciding with the lack of favorable meteorological conditions for producing FHB events. High presence of  F.graminearum isolates was observed in 2007 wheat growing season, in accordance with moderate incidence of the disease according to spatial distribution of FHB incidence values. The aim of this report was to identify the causal agent of the FHB disease by different taxonomic criteria and to relate its occurrence with predictive climatic models in Argentina.