Fostering urban transformations in Latin America: lessons around the ecological management of an urban stream in co-production with a social movement (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

GRAZIANO, M; DE GROOT, G.S.; PILATO, L; SÁNCHEZ, M.L.; IZAGUIRRE, I.; PIZARRO, H

ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY

RESILIENCE ALLIANCE

Año: 2019 vol. 24 p. 13 - 18

1708-3087

Collaborative community-based approaches are proposed as a way to overcome the difficulties exerted by a broad range of social-ecological traps that emerge at the reconfiguration of social-ecological systems onto sustainable paths. Despite this, a deep examination of the social-ecological processes and interactions that constraint these approaches in different urban contexts is still necessary to improve their success. Latin America countries have institutional, political and social characteristics that could constrain the pathways to sustainability in different ways from countries of the Global North. Here, we present an experience (2015-2018) held in cooperation with workers of a social cooperative framed in an urban social movement from Argentina, related to the ecological rehabilitation of a highly degraded urban stream through the management of the riparian vegetation and the re-introduction of native macrophytes. The methodology involved a co-design approach based on a set of participatory action-research tools, together with resilience system analysis through causal loop diagrams, and three different interventions of a 200m reach at the upstream area of the San Francisco stream (Buenos Aires, Argentina). The participatory diagnostic evidenced a strong negative effect of the current management guidelines on the riparian and aquatic vegetation, reflecting a positive feedback loop that reinforce this negative state, and revealed a hierarchical governance regime associated with the management of the watershed. Furthermore, it detected a strong motivation of local workers to generate transformative actions in terms of the sanitary and socio-ecological improvements of the local habitat. The management actions showed a relative high short-term survival of the macrophyte transplants (30-60% in a period of 2-4 months), displaying a strong spatial structure of the survival units, and downscaling to about 10% at the long term (6-12 month after interventions). A combination of biophysical and social processes related both to institutional and rigidity traps affect the survival of the transplants, reflecting the inertia of the current management programs to ecological improvements of the stream. In summary, the present work highlights the socio-ecological constraints arising from transformative collective actions towards the ecological management of a stream at a highly vulnerable and bureaucratic urban context. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for socio-ecological urban transformations in Latin America and the design of effective participatory governance actions in alliance with local social movements.