Nitric oxide induces stomatal closure and enhances the adaptive plant responses against drought stress.

CARLOS GARCIA-MATA; LORENZO LAMATTINA

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY.

AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS

Año: 2001 vol. 126 p. 1196 - 1204

0032-0889

Nitric oxide (NO) is a very active molecule involved in many and diverse biological pathways where it has proved to beprotective against damages provoked by oxidative stress conditions. In this work, we studied the effect of two NO donors,sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine SNP-treated on the response of wheat (Triticum aestivum)to water stress conditions. After 2 and 3 h of drought, detached wheat leaves pretreated with 150 mm SNP retained up to15% more water than those pretreated with water or NO22/NO32. The effect of SNP treatment on water retention was alsofound in wheat seedlings after 7 d of drought. These results were consistent with a 20% decrease in the transpiration rateof SNP-treated detached wheat leaves for the same analyzed time. In parallel experiments, NO was also able to induce a 35%,30%, and 65% of stomatal closure in three different species, Tradescantia sp. (monocotyledonous) and two dicotyledonous,Salpichroa organifolia and fava bean (Vicia faba), respectively. In SNP-treated leaves of Tradescantia sp., the stomatal closurewas correlated with a 10% increase on RWC. Ion leakage, a cell injury index, was 25% lower in SNP-treated wheat leavescompared with control ones after the recovery period. Carboxy-PTIO (2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide), a specific NO scavenger, reverted SNP action by restoring the transpiration rate, stomatal aperture, and theion leakage to the level found in untreated leaves. Northern-blot analysis showed that SNP-treated wheat leaves display a2-fold accumulation of a group three late embryogenesis abundant transcript with respect to control leaves both after 2 and4 h of drought periods. All together, these results suggest that the exogenous application of NO donors might confer anincreased tolerance to severe drought stress conditions in plants.