Reflexión acerca de la iconicidad entre la posición del sujeto en las cláusulas y la distribución de los participantes en la situación de comunicación

BORZI, CLAUDIA

Revista de la Academia Brasilera de Filología

Academia Brasilera de Filología

Lugar: Río de Janeiro; Año: 2018 vol. XXII p. 18 - 50

In thepresent paper I reconsider the word order in the clause, specially the subjectposition, correlative of first position, known information, agent, source ofperson and number agreement with the verb and nominative case (Firbas(1992); Contreras (1976), De Miguel Aparicio (1989) and Delbecque (1991, forexample)). First, Irefer to the word order of the prototypical transitive sentence (Langacker, 1987),incorporating the iconicity (little considered by other authors) to the factorsthat favor them (like the information, de contrast of background and shape,perceptions and attention factors and agentivity of the participant, amongothers). I suggest that the word order reflects iconically the positions of theparticipants in the communicative situation. Secondly, I offer differentpictorial interpretations from the communicative exchange that seem to coincidewith the proposal. Finally, I analyse the subject position (highlighted inblock type in the examples), in subordinate relative adjectival clauses of theSpanish spoken in Buenos Aires, similar to the following: algunos árboles queVOS veías de chiquito, that shows the subject in pre-verbal position (SV) and  algunos árboles que veías VOS  de chiquito, that shows the subject in post-verbal position (VS). Theexamples were taken from the corpusof the Proyecto para el EstudioSociolingüístico del Español de España y de América (PRESEEA_Buenos Aires).