EPS from lactobacilli and bifidobacteria: Microbial metabolites with both technological and health-promoting properties.

ALE, E.; PUNTILLO, M.; ROJAS, M. F.; BINETTI, A. G.

Biomolecules from Natural Sources: Advances and Applications

Wiley-Blackwell

Año: 2022;

Exopolysaccharides are complex carbohydrates commonly produced by lacticacid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria, which can be released to the medium(EPS) or remained attached to the cell surface (capsular polysaccharide or CPS)(Castro-Bravoet al. 2018b).Although their natural role has not been fully understood yet, it is believedthat they may play a beneficial role for the producing bacteria by acting as aphysical barrier under stressing environmental conditions, participating incell interactions, and modifying different ecological niches (Castro-Bravo et al. 2018a). On the other hand, the benefits EPS exert on thehost have been widely studied. They proved to have immunomodulatory effects (Ale et al. 2016a; Liu et al. 2017a), regulate the gut microbiota (Bengoa et al. 2020; Yan et al. 2020), protect the host against pathogenic microorganisms(Aleet al. 2016a;Paiket al. 2018),present antioxidant properties (Xu et al. 2021; Zhang et al. 2013), cholesterol-lowering effects (Korcz et al. 2018), and anti-cancer activity in vitro (Xiao et al. 2020a), among others. Moreover, some EPS presentinteresting rheological properties due to their thickening effects andwater-holding capacity within different food matrices (cheese, yogurt, bread,etc.), when produced in situ (Tang et al. 2018; Yilmaz et al. 2015) or added as a food ingredient (Ale et al. 2016b). This last strategy is the least applied by the foodindustry since the EPS yields obtained from both lactobacilli andbifidobacteria are low in comparison with bacteria of other genera, and thecosts of extraction/purification processes are generally high. A summary of thetechnological and health promoting effects attributed to EPS up to date isshown in Figure 15.1. It is important to highlight that all theseproperties strongly depend on the chemical nature of EPS, as it will determinenot only their behavior in the host (Castro-Bravo et al. 2018b), but also in different food matrices (Zhou et al. 2019).Considering this doubletechno-functional role, these polymers have been of great interest to the foodindustry. In the light of these potential applications of EPS and theirproducing bacteria, the present chapter intends to summarize the most recentinformation regarding the functional, technological, and chemical properties ofEPS from bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, with the aim of providing scientificevidence that supports their application, highlighting the importance ofdeepening the current knowledge about these interesting molecules.@font-face{font-family:"Cambria Math";panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:roman;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face{font-family:Calibri;panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:swiss;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073697537 9 0 511 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8.0pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:107%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-no-proof:yes;}a:link, span.MsoHyperlink{mso-style-priority:99;color:#0563C1;mso-themecolor:hyperlink;text-decoration:underline;text-underline:single;}a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;color:#954F72;mso-themecolor:followedhyperlink;text-decoration:underline;text-underline:single;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;font-size:11.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}.MsoPapDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;margin-bottom:8.0pt;line-height:107%;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}