Long-Term Effects of Different Exercise Training Modes on Cytokines and Adipokines in Individuals with Overweight/Obesity and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials.

DEL ROSSO, S; BARAQUET, ML; BARALE, A; DEFAGÓ, MD; TORTOSA, F; PEROVIC, NR; AOKI, MP

OBESITY REVIEWS

WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2023

1467-7881

SummaryThe present study aimed to investigate the evidence on the effects of different longterm training interventions (aerobic [AeT], resistance [RT], and combined [COMB])and spontaneous physical activity (PA) in modifying cytokines and adipokines in individuals with overweight or obesity with or without cardiometabolic diseases whileconsidering potential confounders. Although exercise interventions have become apotentially effective tool for preventing and treating metabolic diseases, the evidenceprovided by previous systematic reviews is inconclusive since several potential confounders have yet to be addressed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literaturesearch in Medline, Cochrane, and Embase databases from January 2000 to July 2022and performed a meta-analysis. Inclusion criteria retrieved 106 full texts comprising8,642 individuals with a range BMI of 25.1–43.8 kg m2. We found that independently of the training mode, exercise had a beneficial effect on diminishing Adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IL-18, IL-20, Leptin, sICAM, and TNF-α levelscirculating levels. Furthermore, by subsequent analysis, we detected differentialeffects of AeT, RT, and COMB, with sex, age, body composition, and trial length acting as moderators. The comparison of training modes revealed a difference favoringCOMB over AeT for regulating the increase in CRP with no differences in the remaining biomarkers. Meta-regression analysis revealed an effect of change in maximaloxygen uptake (VO2max) on CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, while IL-10 was influenced by thechange in body fat. The results suggest that all interventions, except PA, are effectivein lessening this population´s inflammatory status, provided that exercise results in anincrease of VO2max.Abbreviations: %BF, percentage of body fat; 1RM, one repetition maximum; AeT, aerobic training; COMB, combined