HYPERTENSION LINKED TO ALLOSTATIC LOAD: FROM PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS TO INFLAMMATION AND MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION

FERES MOCAYAR; WALTER MANUCHA; LEÓN FERDER; FERNANDO SARAVÍ

STRESS

TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2019 vol. 22 p. 169 - 181

1025-3890

It is understood by allostatic responses to the physiological modifications that occur in the face of disturbances in the environment -internal, external or both- and have the function of helping the adaptation of the organism in the changing environment. A differentiated term of homeostasis by Bruce McEwen it is defined as an active process that controls changes in the reference level of physiological parameters to maintain homeostasis. The allostatic responses allow to elucidate the behavioural and physiological mechanisms by which: genes, early experiences, work environment, lifestyle, interpersonal relationships, diet, sleep and physical exercise, among other factors, would be able to modulate the cellular biology of the body. adaptive way.This adaptation requires mediators of which are: cortisol, the autonomic nervous system (ANS), metabolic hormones and the immune system. These components collaborate with adaptation, but their deregulation (as in the case of chronic stress) may have deleterious consequences with pathophysiological implications, constituting the so-called allostatic load. Example of such consequences would be the possibility of accelerating the ageing process through systemic inflammation, shortening of telomeres and a significant increase in oxidative stress.