What does the freshwater clam, Corbicula largillierti, have to tell us about chlorothalonil effects?

REYNA, P.B.; ALBÁ, M.L.; RODRÍGUEZ, F.A.; GONZALEZ, M.; PEGORARO, C.; HUED, A.C.; TATIÁN, M.; BALLESTEROS, M.L.

ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE

Año: 2021 vol. 208

0147-6513

Chlorothalonil (CLT) is a broad spectrum, and non-systemic fungicide applied in foliar structures to prevent andtreat pathogens. This compound reaches to aquatic environments and affects the biota. In this context, the maingoal of this study was to assess the effects of CLT at biochemical, tissular, and individual levels of biologicalorganization using the invasive bivalve Corbicula largillierti as a bioindicator species. Clams were exposed todifferent sublethal concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 50 μg. L􀀀 1 CLT) for 96 h. At biochemical level, the enzymaticactivity (Glutathione-s-Transferase, Catalase, Acetyl-, Butiryl- and Carboxyl-esterases) and lipid peroxidationwere measured in gills and the visceral mass. Also, the digestive gland morphometry through quantitative histologicalindexes was registered at the tissular level. Finally, filtering activity and burial behavior at the individuallevel were measured. At the highest CLT concentration, the most significant changes were observed inenzymatic activity (except for butyrylcholinesterase), lipid peroxidation and in digestive gland morphometry. Itwas also registered increases of the filtering activity and the latency time to burial. Most of the biomarkersassessed showed significant responses under CLT exposure. Therefore, taking into account that C. largillierti wasaffected by CLT, it can be expected that other species could be in a potential risk if this fungicide is present infreshwater systems.