IPE   20454
INSTITUTO DE PATOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL DR. MIGUEL ÁNGEL BASOMBRÍO
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
Enzymes of the antioxidant network as novel determiners of Trypanozoma Cruzi virulence
Autor/es:
PIACENZA, L; M. PAOLA ZAGO; PELUFFO, G; ALVAREZ, MN; KELLY, M.K; WILKINSON, S.R.; BASOMBRIO, M.A; RADI, R.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
Editorial:
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Referencias:
Año: 2009 vol. 13 p. 1455 - 1464
ISSN:
0020-7519
Resumen:
Virulence of Trypanosoma cruzi depends on a variety of genetic and biochemical factors. It has been proposed
that components of the parasites antioxidant system may play a key part in this process by preadapting
the pathogen to the oxidative environment encountered during host cell invasion. Using several
isolates (10 strains) belonging to the two major phylogenetic lineages (T. cruzi-I and T. cruzi-II), we investigated
whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated
isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content.
Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial
and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were
used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms
in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated
isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content.
Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial
and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were
used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms
in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
that components of the parasites antioxidant system may play a key part in this process by preadapting
the pathogen to the oxidative environment encountered during host cell invasion. Using several
isolates (10 strains) belonging to the two major phylogenetic lineages (T. cruzi-I and T. cruzi-II), we investigated
whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated
isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content.
Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial
and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were
used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms
in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated
isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content.
Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial
and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were
used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms
in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
Trypanosoma cruzi depends on a variety of genetic and biochemical factors. It has been proposed
that components of the parasites antioxidant system may play a key part in this process by preadapting
the pathogen to the oxidative environment encountered during host cell invasion. Using several
isolates (10 strains) belonging to the two major phylogenetic lineages (T. cruzi-I and T. cruzi-II), we investigated
whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated
isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content.
Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial
and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were
used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms
in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated
isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content.
Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial
and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were
used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms
in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
T. cruzi-I and T. cruzi-II), we investigated
whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated
isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content.
Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial
and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were
used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms
in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation
from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite
strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective
forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance
of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was
observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX,
TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearsons coefficient:
0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
P < 0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR
proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium
at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.