Probiotic lactobacilli as a promising strategy to ameliorate disorders associated with intestinal inflammation induced by a non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drug

MARTINEZ MONTEROS, MARÍA JOSÉ; MALDONADO GALDEANO, CAROLINA; BALCELLS, FLORENCIA; PERDIGON, GABRIELA; CAZORLA, SILVIA I

Scientific Reports

Nature

Año: 2021

Damage to the small intestine caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) occursmore frequently than in the upper gastrointestinal tract, is more difficult to diagnose and no effectivetreatments exist. Hence, we investigated whether probiotics can control the onset of this severecondition in a murine model of intestinal inflammation induced by the NSAID, indomethacin. Probioticsupplementation to mice reduce the body weight loss, anemia, shortening of the small intestine,cell infiltration into the intestinal tissue and the loss of Paneth and Goblet cells associated withintestinal inflammation. Furthermore, a high antimicrobial activity in the intestinal fluids of mice fedwith probiotics compared to animals on a conventional diet was elicited against several pathogens.Interestingly, probiotics dampened the oxidative stress and several local and systemic markers ofan inflammatory process, as well as increased the secretion of IL-10 by regulatory T cells. Even moreimportantly, probiotics induced important changes in the large intestine microbiota characterizedby an increase in anaerobes and lactobacilli, and a significant decrease in total enterobacteria. Weconclude that oral probiotic supplementation in NSAID-induced inflammation increases intestinalantimicrobial activity and reinforces the intestinal epithelial barrier in order to avoid pathogens andcommensal invasion and maintain intestinal homeostasis.